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Advertisement International edition The Guardian - Back to home Support us in 2021 Power vital, open, independent journalism ContributeSubscribe Search jobsSign inSearch News Opinion Sport Culture Lifestyle Show More FashionFoodRecipesLove & sexHealth & fitnessHome & gardenWomenMenFamilyTravelMoney Word of Mouth blog Food science 10 gross ingredients you didn't know were in your food If you're still reeling from the horsemeat scandal, hold on to your hats – there may well be arsenic in your beer and rat hair in your chocolate Arsenic Arsenic – fancy a pint? Photograph: Alamy Anna Brones Mon 13 May 2013 12.11 BST 4,565 392 Since the horsemeat scandal, more of us than ever before are holding a microscope up to what we eat. But no matter how many labels you read, you could still be consuming things you'd rather put on your "do not eat" list. From human hair in our bread to fish bladder in our beer, there are a lot of additives and food processing techniques that employ ingredients and chemicals few would classify as "appetising". It's a reminder, frankly, that non-processed foods are your best bet. Arsenic Traces of arsenic in food are nothing new. The potent human carcinogen arsenic has been known to turn up in everything from rice to cereal to juice, and most recently German researchers found traces of it in beer, noting some levels found were more than twice than what is allowed in drinking water. Traces of arsenic can actually be found in both beers and wine that are clearer in colour. That's because they will have been filtered to get rid of plant matter and leftover yeast; most people don't want to drink a cloudy pinot grigio after all. To filter, beer and winemakers use diatomaceous earth, a natural product that contains iron and metals; hence the arsenic. Want less arsenic in your drink? Opt for drinks that are unfiltered. Human hair Amino acids are your body's building blocks, and while they can be good for your health, not all amino acids are created equal. L-Cysteine – an amino acid used to prolong shelf-life in products such as commercial bread – can be found in duck and chicken feathers and cow horns, but most that's used in food comes from human hair. It has been reported that most of the hair used to make L-Cysteine comes from China, where it's gathered from barbershops and hair salons. You can avoid L-Cysteine by buying fresh bread from a local baker, as it is not an additive in flour. Steer clear of fast food places such as McDonald's, Dunkin' Donuts and Burger King too, who all use L-Cysteine as an additive. Human hair Human hair … in bread? Photograph: Romilly Lockyer/Getty Images Antifreeze Advertisement You're not drinking straight antifreeze when you down a soft drink, but if your drink of choice has propylene glycol in it you're consuming a compound that's used for everything from antifreeze to cosmetics to pharmaceuticals to electronic cigarettes. Its properties are many, so it's no surprise that chemical companies such as DOW get excited about its potential in the corporate food world. It's also a minor ingredient in Corexit, the oil dispersant that was used after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Fortunately, if you live in the European Union, propylene glycol is not cleared as a general-purpose food grade product or direct food additive. Beaver anal glands If you're eating vanilla, strawberry or raspberry ice-cream, you may just be eating beaver's anal and urine secretions. Castoreum, which comes from the castor sacs of male and female beavers, is an FDA-approved food additive popular in ice-creams, and allowed to be called "natural flavouring", meaning you probably don't know that you are eating it. Beaver Fancy an ice-cream? Photograph: Juniors Bildarchiv/Alamy Fish bladder A round of beers may sound like the perfect way to celebrate with vegetarian and vegan friends alike, but watch what beer you're drinking. Isinglass is a gelatin-like substance produced from the swim bladder of a fish. It's added to cask beers and Guinness, to help remove any "haziness" from the final product - removing any residue yeast or solid particles in the beer – which means you could end up with a trace of fish bladder in your pint glass. Coal tar Many processed foods are known for including a long list of dyes, and many of those dyes are derived from coal tar. Yellow #5, also known as tartrazine, was linked to childhood hyperactivity in 2007 and since then any product in the EU that contains it must also come with a warning label. In the US, however, there is no such regulation. Concern over the food colouring recently prompted bloggers to petition Kraft to remove the dyes from their popular macaroni cheese product. Breast implant What's in your nuggets? Photograph: Anne-Christine Poujoulat/AFP/Getty Images Silicone breast implant filler Advertisement Chicken McNuggets from McDonald's aren't known for being the healthiest thing on the planet, but they're not really known for being "chicken" either. The nuggets are actually only about 50% actual chicken; the rest comprises synthetic ingredients, including dimethylpolysiloxane, a chemical used in silicone that can be found in Silly Putty as well as breast implant filler. Boiled beetle shells Natural Red #4 may sound harmless, but the food colouring – also known as carmine – is made by boiling female cochineal insect shells in ammonia or a sodium carbonate solution. It takes about 70,000 of the bugs to produce one pound of dye. Coffee giant Starbucks got slammed in 2012 for using the additive in their frappuccinos and eventually binned it, but it's a commonly employed ingredient in many foods. The European Food Standards Authority recently included it as an additive to research more. But while some may feel queasy at the thought of consuming bugs, the synthetic alternatives to this natural dye, such as Red #2 and Red #40, are made from petroleum products. Pick your poison. Rodent hair Producing food products in an industrial facility is nothing like cooking at home, and certainly a big warehouse space is sure to be home to a few rodents here and there. Maybe that's why the US FDA allows for certain amounts of rodent hair in various products, something they call an "unavoidable defects": one rodent hair for every 100g chocolate, 22 rodent hairs for every 100g cinnamon and five rodent hairs for every 18oz jar of peanut butter. Yum. Borax Banned in the US and Canada as a food additive but allowed in the EU, borax is also known for making its way into fire-retardant, anti-fungal compounds and enamel. E285, as it's known in the food world, is used to control acidity in products as well as assist in preservation. You'll find it in some caviars – including those imported to the US – as well as various Asian noodle and rice dishes as it adds a firm, rubbery texture to foods. So. Any more for any more? It’s finally 2021 … … and never has a new year been so eagerly awaited. The Covid-19 vaccines, the Joe Biden presidency, the last-minute Brexit deal: though major challenges persist, there is cause for hope. With a fresh year on the horizon, we’re committed to providing high-impact reporting you can always depend on. Millions have turned to the Guardian for vital, independent, quality journalism throughout a turbulent and challenging 2020. Readers in 180 countries, including Canada, now support us financially. We believe everyone deserves access to information that’s grounded in science and truth, and analysis rooted in authority and integrity. That’s why we made a different choice: to keep our reporting open for all readers, regardless of where they live or what they can afford to pay. This means more people can be better informed, united, and inspired to take meaningful action. In these perilous times, a truth-seeking global news organisation like the Guardian is essential. We have no shareholders or billionaire owner, meaning our journalism is free from commercial and political influence – this makes us different. When it’s never been more important, our independence allows us to fearlessly investigate, challenge and expose those in power. In a year of unprecedented intersecting crises in 2020, we did just that, with revealing journalism that had real-world impact: the inept handling of the Covid-19 crisis, the Black Lives Matter protests, and the tumultuous US election. We have enhanced our reputation for urgent, powerful reporting on the climate emergency, and moved to practice what we preach, rejecting advertising from fossil fuel companies, divesting from oil and gas companies and setting a course to achieve net zero emissions by 2030. If there were ever a time to join us, it is now. Your funding powers our journalism, it protects our independence, and ensures we can remain open for all. You can support us through these challenging economic times and enable real-world impact. Every contribution, however big or small, makes a real difference for our future. Support the Guardian from as little as CA$1 – it only takes a minute. Thank you. Remind me in February 2021 Email address Set a reminder We will send you a maximum of two emails in February 2021. To find out what personal data we collect and how we use it, view our Privacy Policy. Topics Food science Word of Mouth blog Food Food & drink industry blogposts Reuse this content Advertisement Most viewed Robin Williams's widow: 'There were so many misunderstandings about what had happened to him' Trump looks back and Biden looks ahead in contrasting new year messages Joe Biden to have new Secret Service team amid concern about Trump loyalty From covfefe to the Mooch: 10 funny moments from the Trump presidency Avoid using wood burning stoves if possible, warn health experts More on this story Scientist to eat lab-grown beefburger 2 Aug 2013 197 Brazil develops 'superfoods' to combat hidden hunger 18 Jul 2013 Horsemeat scandal: timeline 10 May 2013 Horsemeat scandal: consumer fears have eased, poll shows 9 Apr 2013 Technology that traced Osama bin Laden now used to extend life of cakes 17 Jun 2013 The future of food: insects, GM rice and edible packaging are on the menu 15 Jun 2013 22 The horsemeat furore was compounded by foolish foodie machismo 16 Mar 2013 39 Six in 10 have changed shopping habits since horsemeat scandal, survey finds 13 Mar 2013 276 Word of Mouth blog The Guardian and Observer's blog on food, cooking and restaurants Pre-chopped onions aren't pointless if you can't hold a knife 16 Mar 2018 177 How to cook perfect southern fried chicken 21 Feb 2018 196 'A brief rummage is acceptable' – how to share Christmas chocolates 22 Dec 2017 163 How to eat: pesto 20 Oct 2017 241 comments (392) Sign in or create your Guardian account to join the discussion. Sort byOldest Per page100 Display threadsCollapsed 1 2 Displaying threads 1 to 100 of 126 Grafenwalder Grafenwalder 13 May 2013 5:26 15 Yum. Report CeefaxTheCat CeefaxTheCat Grafenwalder 13 May 2013 5:42 36 Or in the case of hot dogs all of the above. Report crunchycat crunchycat Grafenwalder 13 May 2013 12:58 19 @Grafenwalder - About half of the "information" in this blogpost is inaccurate - notably the McDonald's chicken nugget ingredient list. It is sheer fantasy. You will notice that there are NO references or sources given for ANY of the information. What crap. Report crunchycat crunchycat crunchycat 13 May 2013 13:09 5 @crunchycat - It seems there is an embedded link in the McDonald's segment- but the link itself references Michael Pollan, mainly. And NO substantiation for the "only about 50% chicken" nonsense. How 50%? By weight? By volume? It's not even faintly credible. Report Show 11 more replies DanielBurden DanielBurden 13 May 2013 5:27 66 You know, I don't care. I really don't. Same with the horse meat. When I'm buying cheap crap from a supermarket, I don't expect it to be high quality. I buy what I can afford. Report Gelion Gelion DanielBurden 13 May 2013 6:04 25 @DanielBurden - So you wouldn't care if anything was in your food like human or animal excrement? There has to be a line - and I would point out that if you are buying cheap food, it's not going to fill you up or give you nutrients anyway - you would be best off buying small amounts of good food. Report FarsleyBantam FarsleyBantam DanielBurden 13 May 2013 6:05 This comment was removed by a moderator because it didn't abide by our community standards. Replies may also be deleted. For more detail see our FAQs. DanielBurden DanielBurden Gelion 13 May 2013 6:09 16 @Gelion - "So you wouldn't care if anything was in your food like human or animal excrement?" No, I don't want to eat actual shit. Who would? "and I would point out that if you are buying cheap food, it's not going to fill you up or give you nutrients anyway - you would be best off buying small amounts of good food" Yeah.. I still eat fruit and vegetables, I eat healthy food. But in regards to meat, processed meals, and dairy, I buy what I can afford, which is often the cheaper stuff at the supermarket. Report Show 24 more replies View more comments Most popular FashionFoodRecipesLove & sexHealth & fitnessHome & gardenWomenMenFamilyTravelMoney News Opinion Sport Culture Lifestyle Contact us Complaints & corrections SecureDrop Work for us Privacy settings Privacy policy Cookie policy Terms & conditions Help All topics All writers Digital newspaper archive Facebook YouTube Instagram LinkedIn Twitter Newsletters Advertise with us Search UK jobs Back to top © 2020 Guardian News & Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. (modern)

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Advertisement International edition The Guardian - Back to home Support us in 2021 Power vital, open, independent journalism ContributeSubscribe Search jobsSign inSearch News Opinion Sport Culture Lifestyle Show More FashionFoodRecipesLove & sexHealth & fitnessHome & gardenWomenMenFamilyTravelMoney Word of Mouth blog Food science 10 gross ingredients you didn't know were in your food If you're still reeling from the horsemeat scandal, hold on to your hats – there may well be arsenic in your beer and rat hair in your chocolate Arsenic Arsenic – fancy a pint? Photograph: Alamy Anna Brones Mon 13 May 2013 12.11 BST 4,565 392 Since the horsemeat scandal, more of us than ever before are holding a microscope up to what we eat. But no matter how many labels you read, you could still be consuming things you'd rather put on your "do not eat" list. From human hair in our bread to fish bladder in our beer, there are a lot of additives and food processing techniques that employ ingredients and chemicals few would classify as "appetising". It's a reminder, frankly, that non-processed foods are your best bet. Arsenic Traces of arsenic in food are nothing new. The potent human carcinogen arsenic has been known to turn up in everything from rice to cereal to juice, and most recently German researchers found traces of it in beer, noting some levels found were more than twice than what is allowed in drinking water. Traces of arsenic can actually be found in both beers and wine that are clearer in colour. That's because they will have been filtered to get rid of plant matter and leftover yeast; most people don't want to drink a cloudy pinot grigio after all. To filter, beer and winemakers use diatomaceous earth, a natural product that contains iron and metals; hence the arsenic. Want less arsenic in your drink? Opt for drinks that are unfiltered. Human hair Amino acids are your body's building blocks, and while they can be good for your health, not all amino acids are created equal. L-Cysteine – an amino acid used to prolong shelf-life in products such as commercial bread – can be found in duck and chicken feathers and cow horns, but most that's used in food comes from human hair. It has been reported that most of the hair used to make L-Cysteine comes from China, where it's gathered from barbershops and hair salons. You can avoid L-Cysteine by buying fresh bread from a local baker, as it is not an additive in flour. Steer clear of fast food places such as McDonald's, Dunkin' Donuts and Burger King too, who all use L-Cysteine as an additive. Human hair Human hair … in bread? Photograph: Romilly Lockyer/Getty Images Antifreeze Advertisement You're not drinking straight antifreeze when you down a soft drink, but if your drink of choice has propylene glycol in it you're consuming a compound that's used for everything from antifreeze to cosmetics to pharmaceuticals to electronic cigarettes. Its properties are many, so it's no surprise that chemical companies such as DOW get excited about its potential in the corporate food world. It's also a minor ingredient in Corexit, the oil dispersant that was used after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Fortunately, if you live in the European Union, propylene glycol is not cleared as a general-purpose food grade product or direct food additive. Beaver anal glands If you're eating vanilla, strawberry or raspberry ice-cream, you may just be eating beaver's anal and urine secretions. Castoreum, which comes from the castor sacs of male and female beavers, is an FDA-approved food additive popular in ice-creams, and allowed to be called "natural flavouring", meaning you probably don't know that you are eating it. Beaver Fancy an ice-cream? Photograph: Juniors Bildarchiv/Alamy Fish bladder A round of beers may sound like the perfect way to celebrate with vegetarian and vegan friends alike, but watch what beer you're drinking. Isinglass is a gelatin-like substance produced from the swim bladder of a fish. It's added to cask beers and Guinness, to help remove any "haziness" from the final product - removing any residue yeast or solid particles in the beer – which means you could end up with a trace of fish bladder in your pint glass. Coal tar Many processed foods are known for including a long list of dyes, and many of those dyes are derived from coal tar. Yellow #5, also known as tartrazine, was linked to childhood hyperactivity in 2007 and since then any product in the EU that contains it must also come with a warning label. In the US, however, there is no such regulation. Concern over the food colouring recently prompted bloggers to petition Kraft to remove the dyes from their popular macaroni cheese product. Breast implant What's in your nuggets? Photograph: Anne-Christine Poujoulat/AFP/Getty Images Silicone breast implant filler Advertisement Chicken McNuggets from McDonald's aren't known for being the healthiest thing on the planet, but they're not really known for being "chicken" either. The nuggets are actually only about 50% actual chicken; the rest comprises synthetic ingredients, including dimethylpolysiloxane, a chemical used in silicone that can be found in Silly Putty as well as breast implant filler. Boiled beetle shells Natural Red #4 may sound harmless, but the food colouring – also known as carmine – is made by boiling female cochineal insect shells in ammonia or a sodium carbonate solution. It takes about 70,000 of the bugs to produce one pound of dye. Coffee giant Starbucks got slammed in 2012 for using the additive in their frappuccinos and eventually binned it, but it's a commonly employed ingredient in many foods. The European Food Standards Authority recently included it as an additive to research more. But while some may feel queasy at the thought of consuming bugs, the synthetic alternatives to this natural dye, such as Red #2 and Red #40, are made from petroleum products. Pick your poison. Rodent hair Producing food products in an industrial facility is nothing like cooking at home, and certainly a big warehouse space is sure to be home to a few rodents here and there. Maybe that's why the US FDA allows for certain amounts of rodent hair in various products, something they call an "unavoidable defects": one rodent hair for every 100g chocolate, 22 rodent hairs for every 100g cinnamon and five rodent hairs for every 18oz jar of peanut butter. Yum. Borax Banned in the US and Canada as a food additive but allowed in the EU, borax is also known for making its way into fire-retardant, anti-fungal compounds and enamel. E285, as it's known in the food world, is used to control acidity in products as well as assist in preservation. You'll find it in some caviars – including those imported to the US – as well as various Asian noodle and rice dishes as it adds a firm, rubbery texture to foods. So. Any more for any more? It’s finally 2021 … … and never has a new year been so eagerly awaited. The Covid-19 vaccines, the Joe Biden presidency, the last-minute Brexit deal: though major challenges persist, there is cause for hope. With a fresh year on the horizon, we’re committed to providing high-impact reporting you can always depend on. Millions have turned to the Guardian for vital, independent, quality journalism throughout a turbulent and challenging 2020. Readers in 180 countries, including Canada, now support us financially. We believe everyone deserves access to information that’s grounded in science and truth, and analysis rooted in authority and integrity. That’s why we made a different choice: to keep our reporting open for all readers, regardless of where they live or what they can afford to pay. This means more people can be better informed, united, and inspired to take meaningful action. In these perilous times, a truth-seeking global news organisation like the Guardian is essential. We have no shareholders or billionaire owner, meaning our journalism is free from commercial and political influence – this makes us different. When it’s never been more important, our independence allows us to fearlessly investigate, challenge and expose those in power. In a year of unprecedented intersecting crises in 2020, we did just that, with revealing journalism that had real-world impact: the inept handling of the Covid-19 crisis, the Black Lives Matter protests, and the tumultuous US election. We have enhanced our reputation for urgent, powerful reporting on the climate emergency, and moved to practice what we preach, rejecting advertising from fossil fuel companies, divesting from oil and gas companies and setting a course to achieve net zero emissions by 2030. If there were ever a time to join us, it is now. Your funding powers our journalism, it protects our independence, and ensures we can remain open for all. You can support us through these challenging economic times and enable real-world impact. Every contribution, however big or small, makes a real difference for our future. Support the Guardian from as little as CA$1 – it only takes a minute. Thank you. Remind me in February 2021 Email address Set a reminder We will send you a maximum of two emails in February 2021. To find out what personal data we collect and how we use it, view our Privacy Policy. Topics Food science Word of Mouth blog Food Food & drink industry blogposts Reuse this content Advertisement Most viewed Robin Williams's widow: 'There were so many misunderstandings about what had happened to him' Trump looks back and Biden looks ahead in contrasting new year messages Joe Biden to have new Secret Service team amid concern about Trump loyalty From covfefe to the Mooch: 10 funny moments from the Trump presidency Avoid using wood burning stoves if possible, warn health experts More on this story Scientist to eat lab-grown beefburger 2 Aug 2013 197 Brazil develops 'superfoods' to combat hidden hunger 18 Jul 2013 Horsemeat scandal: timeline 10 May 2013 Horsemeat scandal: consumer fears have eased, poll shows 9 Apr 2013 Technology that traced Osama bin Laden now used to extend life of cakes 17 Jun 2013 The future of food: insects, GM rice and edible packaging are on the menu 15 Jun 2013 22 The horsemeat furore was compounded by foolish foodie machismo 16 Mar 2013 39 Six in 10 have changed shopping habits since horsemeat scandal, survey finds 13 Mar 2013 276 Word of Mouth blog The Guardian and Observer's blog on food, cooking and restaurants Pre-chopped onions aren't pointless if you can't hold a knife 16 Mar 2018 177 How to cook perfect southern fried chicken 21 Feb 2018 196 'A brief rummage is acceptable' – how to share Christmas chocolates 22 Dec 2017 163 How to eat: pesto 20 Oct 2017 241 comments (392) Sign in or create your Guardian account to join the discussion. Sort byOldest Per page100 Display threadsCollapsed 1 2 Displaying threads 1 to 100 of 126 Grafenwalder Grafenwalder 13 May 2013 5:26 15 Yum. Report CeefaxTheCat CeefaxTheCat Grafenwalder 13 May 2013 5:42 36 Or in the case of hot dogs all of the above. Report crunchycat crunchycat Grafenwalder 13 May 2013 12:58 19 @Grafenwalder - About half of the "information" in this blogpost is inaccurate - notably the McDonald's chicken nugget ingredient list. It is sheer fantasy. You will notice that there are NO references or sources given for ANY of the information. What crap. Report crunchycat crunchycat crunchycat 13 May 2013 13:09 5 @crunchycat - It seems there is an embedded link in the McDonald's segment- but the link itself references Michael Pollan, mainly. And NO substantiation for the "only about 50% chicken" nonsense. How 50%? By weight? By volume? It's not even faintly credible. Report Show 11 more replies DanielBurden DanielBurden 13 May 2013 5:27 66 You know, I don't care. I really don't. Same with the horse meat. When I'm buying cheap crap from a supermarket, I don't expect it to be high quality. I buy what I can afford. Report Gelion Gelion DanielBurden 13 May 2013 6:04 25 @DanielBurden - So you wouldn't care if anything was in your food like human or animal excrement? There has to be a line - and I would point out that if you are buying cheap food, it's not going to fill you up or give you nutrients anyway - you would be best off buying small amounts of good food. Report FarsleyBantam FarsleyBantam DanielBurden 13 May 2013 6:05 This comment was removed by a moderator because it didn't abide by our community standards. Replies may also be deleted. For more detail see our FAQs. DanielBurden DanielBurden Gelion 13 May 2013 6:09 16 @Gelion - "So you wouldn't care if anything was in your food like human or animal excrement?" No, I don't want to eat actual shit. Who would? "and I would point out that if you are buying cheap food, it's not going to fill you up or give you nutrients anyway - you would be best off buying small amounts of good food" Yeah.. I still eat fruit and vegetables, I eat healthy food. But in regards to meat, processed meals, and dairy, I buy what I can afford, which is often the cheaper stuff at the supermarket. Report Show 24 more replies View more comments Most popular FashionFoodRecipesLove & sexHealth & fitnessHome & gardenWomenMenFamilyTravelMoney News Opinion Sport Culture Lifestyle Contact us Complaints & corrections SecureDrop Work for us Privacy settings Privacy policy Cookie policy Terms & conditions Help All topics All writers Digital newspaper archive Facebook YouTube Instagram LinkedIn Twitter Newsletters Advertise with us Search UK jobs Back to top © 2020 Guardian News & Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. (modern)

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